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Wild plants could be treated with herbicides.

Credit: Xiao Yang
It has been proven that a genetic modification technique that is used extensively to make crops resistant to herbicides, can provide advantages to a weedy variety of rice. The results indicate that such modification could be beneficial to wild rice varieties, as well as the crops.

A variety of crops have been genetically modified to be intolerant to glyphosate, an herbicide first advertised under the trade name Roundup. Farmers can eradicate most weeds from their fields with this glyphosate resistance without causing damage to their crops.

Glyphosate acts as an inhibitor of plant growth. ラウンドアップ blocks an enzyme known EPSP synthase. This enzyme is responsible for the production of certain amino acids as well as other molecules. These substances can be responsible for as much as 35% of a plant’s mass. The genetic-modification method, employed for Roundup Ready crops by Monsanto (based in St Louis in Missouri), involves inserting genes into the crop to increase EPSP synthase production. The genes are usually derived from bacteria that cause disease in the plants.

The plant is able to withstand the effects caused by glyphosate due to its additional EPSP-synthase. Biotechnology labs also tried to make use of the genes of plants to increase EPSP-synthase, partly to exploit an American loophole that permits regulatory approval of transgenes that are not derived from by bacterial pests.

ラウンドアップ have looked into whether transgenes, such as those that confer resistance the chemical glyphosate can increase the resilience of plants in survival and reproduction once they cross-pollinate with wild or weedy species. Norman Ellstrand of University of California Riverside states, “The conventional expectation is that any transgene that is found in nature will confer disadvantage if there’s no pressure to select because the added machinery can reduce the health.”

https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/ラウンドアップ/ (an ecologist at Fudan University, Shanghai) has now challenged that view. It has proven that resistance to glyphosate can provide an impressive fitness boost to the weedy rice crop known as Oryza sativa even when it is not being used.

Lu and his associates modified the cultivars of rice to increase the production of EPSP synthase. They also crossed the modified rice with a weedy related. Their research was published in NewPhytologist 1..

The researchers then allowed the cross-bred offspring to breed with one another, creating second-generation hybrids genetically identical to one another except in the number of copies of the gene that encodes EPSP synthase. As expected, the hybrids with more copies had a higher chance to produce more tryptophan and have higher enzyme levels over their counterparts that were not modified.

Researchers also discovered that transgenic hybrids are more photogenic, they produced more plants per plant, and produced 48 to 125 percent more seeds than varieties that were not transgenic.

Lu believes that making weedy, invading rice more competitive might make it more difficult for farmers to recoup the damage caused by this bug.

Brian Ford Lloyd, a UK plant scientist, said that the EPSP Synthase gene could get into wild rice species. This would threaten the genetic diversity of their species, which is extremely crucial. “This is an example of the very real negative impacts of GM plantson our environment.”

This study also challenges the notion that genetically modified plants with extra copies of their genes are less risky than those containing microorganism genes. Lu claims that the research “shows that this is not always the case”.

ラウンドアップ 20 l believe this finding requires a review of the future regulation of crops that have been genetically modified. ” https://auctions.yahoo.co.jp/search/search?rkf=2&p=%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97&aucmaxprice=999999999&thumb=1&s1=score2&o1=a&isdd=1&ei=utf-8&fixed=3&nockie=1&isnext=1&ex_cat=2084006160,2084008038,2084034075&rewrite_ok_wand_re_search=1 are saying that biosafety regulations are relaxed because we have a high level of comfort in the last two years of genetic engineering” Ellstrand says. The study doesn’t prove that new products are safe.